Variable overview: Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 19:23, 1 August 2013
Drivers
Variable | Model driver group | Description | Is_used_in |
---|---|---|---|
Timber demand | Economic development | Demand for roundwood and pulpwood per region. | Forest management |
Sector value added | Economic development | Value Added for economic sectors: Industry (IVA), Services (SVA) and Agriculture (AVA). These variables are used in IMAGE to indicate economic activity. | Energy supply and demand Energy demand |
GDP per capita | Economic development | Gross Domestic Product per capita, measured as the market value of all goods and services produced in a region in a year, and is used in the IMAGE framework as a generic indicator of economic activity. | Energy supply and demand Agricultural economy Climate policy Emissions Energy demand Human development |
Labour supply | Economic development | Effective supply of labour input to support economic activities, taking into account the participation rate of age cohorts. | Agricultural economy |
Private consumption | Economic development | Private consumption reflects expenditure on private household consumption. It is used in IMAGE as a driver of energy. | Energy supply and demand Energy demand |
Capital supply | Economic development | Capital available to replace depreciated stock and expand the stock to support economic growth. | Agricultural economy |
GDP per capita - grid | Economic development | Scaled down GDP per capita from country to grid level, based on population density. | Ecosystem services Nutrients Flood risks |
GINI coefficient | Economic development | Measure of income disparity in a population. If all have the same income, GINI equals 1. The lower the GINI, the wider the gap between the lowest and highest income groups. | Human development |
Energy resources | Energy and land resources | Volume of energy resource per carrier, region and supply cost class (determines depletion dynamics). | Energy supply and demand Energy supply |
Built-up area - grid | Energy and land resources | Urban built-up area per grid cell, excluded from all biophysical modelling in IMAGE, increasing over time as a function of urban population and a country- and scenario-specific urban density curve. | Land cover and land use |
Protected area - grid | Environmental and other policies | Map of protected nature areas, limiting use of this area. | Land-use allocation Land cover and land use Terrestrial biodiversity Ecosystem services |
Equity principles | Environmental and other policies | General concepts of distributive justice or fairness used in effort sharing approaches. Three key equity principles are: Responsibility (historical contribution to warming); capability (ability to pay for mitigation); and equality (equal emissions allowances per capita). | Climate policy |
Domestic climate policy | Environmental and other policies | Planned and/or implemented national climate and energy policies, such as taxes, feed-in tariffs, renewable targets, efficiency standards, that affect projected emission reduction. | Climate policy |
Air pollution policy | Environmental and other policies | Air pollution policies set to reach emission reduction targets, represented in the model in the form of energy carrier and sector specific emission factors. | Energy conversion |
Biofuel policy | Environmental and other policies | Policies to foster the use of biofuels in transport, such as financial incentives and biofuel mandates and obligations. | Agricultural economy |
Taxes and other additional costs | Environmental and other policies | Taxes on energy use, and other additional costs | Energy demand |
Adaptation level | Environmental and other policies | Level of adaptation to climate change , defined as the share of climate change damage avoided by adaptation. This level is be calculated by the model to minimise adaptation costs and residual damage, or set by the user. | Climate policy |
Energy policy | Environmental and other policies | Policy to achieve energy system objectives, such as energy security and energy access. | Energy conversion |
Climate target | Environmental and other policies | Climate target, defined in terms of concentration levels, radiative forcing, temperature targets, or cumulative emissions. | Climate policy |
Preferences | Lifestyle parameters | Non-price factors determining market shares, such as preferences, environmental policies, infrastructure and strategic considerations, used for model calibration. | Energy demand |
Lifestyle parameters | Lifestyle parameters | Lifestyle parameters influence the relationship between economic activities and demand for energy. | Energy supply and demand Energy demand |
Population | Population projections | Number of people per region. | Energy supply and demand Agricultural economy Climate policy Energy demand |
Urban population fraction | Population projections | Urban/rural split of population. | Human development |
Population - grid | Population projections | Number of people per gridcell (using downscaling). | Land-use allocation Nutrients Human development Flood risks |
Irrigation project efficiency | Technological change in agriculture and forestry | Ratio of quantity of irrigation water required by the crop (based on soil moisture deficits) to the quantity withdrawn from rivers, lakes, reservoirs or other sources. This parameter is given at country level. | |
Irrigation conveyance efficiency | Technological change in agriculture and forestry | Ratio of water supplied to the irrigated field to the quantity withdrawn from the water source, determining the quantity of water lost during transport. This parameter is defined at country level. | |
Animal productivity | Technological change in agriculture and forestry | Effective production of livestock commodities per animal per year. | Livestock systems |
Manure spreading fraction | Technological change in agriculture and forestry | Fraction of manure produced in staples that is spread on agricultural areas. | Nutrients |
Livestock rations | Technological change in agriculture and forestry | Determines the feed requirements per feed type (food crops; crop residues; grass and fodder; animal products; scavenging), specified per animal type and production system (extensive/intensive/backyard/intermediate/intensive/broiler/laying hens). | Livestock systems Nutrients |
Fertiliser use efficiency | Technological change in agriculture and forestry | Ratio of fertiliser uptake by a crop to fertiliser applied. | Nutrients |
... further results |