IMAGE - User contributions [en]

Rules on use of technology

2014-04-29T16:18:37Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Power plant use rules
|Description=Rules determining how different types of power plants are used
|Dimension=time, region
|Unit=-
|VariableType=external parameter
|BasedOn2=Various sources
|DriverGroup=
|Source=
|BasedOn=
|Reference=
|Source3=
|ExternalModel=
}}

Taxes and other additional costs

2014-04-29T16:16:33Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Taxes and other additional costs
|Description=Taxes on energy use, and other additional costs
|Dimension=region
|Unit=US$/GJ
|VariableType=driver
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=Environmental and other policies
|Source=IEA
|BasedOn=Future: scenario assumptions
|Source3=
|Reference2=
|ExternalModel=
}}

Relationship income and emission factor

2014-04-29T16:14:12Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Income-emission factors relationships
|Description=Relationship between GDP and emission factors
|Dimension=time, region
|VariableType=external parameter
|DriverGroup=
|Source=
|BasedOn=
|Reference=
|Source3=
|ExternalModel=
}}

Preferences

2014-04-29T16:12:10Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Preferences (costs mark-ups)
|Description=Non-price factors determining market shares, such as preferences, environmental policies, (lack of) infrastructures and strategic considerations, used used for model calibration
|Unit=-
|VariableType=driver
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=Lifestyle parameters
|Source=Calibration
|BasedOn=Future: scenario assumptions
|Source3=
|Reference2=
|ExternalModel=
}}

Exogenously set market shares

2014-04-29T16:10:22Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Exogenous market shares
|Description=Market shares of traditional biomass and secondary heat, for all demand sectors except the residential sector, exogenous scenario parameter
|Dimension=time, region
|Unit=-
|VariableType=external parameter
|Source2=IEA;
|DriverGroup=
|Source=
|BasedOn=
|Reference=
|Source3=
|ExternalModel=
}}

Exogenously set market shares

2014-04-29T16:10:02Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Exogenous market shares
|Description=Market shares of traditional biomass and secondary heat, for all demand sectors except the residential sector, exogenous scenario parameter
|Dimension=time, region
|Unit=-
|VariableType=external parameter
|Source2=IEA data
|DriverGroup=
|Source=
|BasedOn=
|Reference=
|Source3=
|ExternalModel=
}}

Energy and industry activity level

2014-04-29T15:29:05Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Activity levels (combustion and production)
|Description=Activity levels in the energy and industrial sector, per process and energy carrier, e.g. oil production or the use of petrol in transport
|Dimension=time, region, sector
|Unit=Various
|VariableType=model (from/to model)
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=
|Source=
|BasedOn=
|Reference=
|Source3=
|Reference2=
}}

Initial production costs

2014-04-29T15:26:59Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Initial production costs
|Description=The costs of energy supply technologies at the start of the simulation.
|Dimension=region
|Unit=$/GJ
|VariableType=external parameter
|BasedOn2=Various sources
|DriverGroup=
|Source=
|BasedOn=
|Reference=
|Source3=
|ExternalModel=
}}

Demand traditional biomass

2014-04-25T15:26:45Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Demand of traditional biomass
|Description=The demand for the production of traditional bio-energy.
|Dimension=time, region
|Unit=PJ
|VariableType=model (from/to model)
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=
|Source=
|BasedOn=
|Reference=
|Source3=
|Reference2=
}}

Degraded forest area

2014-04-25T15:24:35Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Degraded Forest area (due to additional deforestation) - grid
|Description=Area of forest permanently deforested for other reasons than expansion of agricultural land (calibrated to deforestation statistics of FAO).
|Dimension=time, worldgrid
|VariableType=model (end-indicator)
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=
|Source=
|BasedOn=
|Reference=
|Source3=
|Reference2=
}}

Crop production

2014-04-25T15:18:36Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Crop production
|Description=Regional production per crop
|Dimension=time, region, crops
|VariableType=model (from/to model)
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=
|Source=
|BasedOn=
|Reference=
|Source3=
|Reference2=
|ExternalModel=
}}

Consumption loss

2014-04-25T15:06:43Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Consumption loss
|Description=Loss of private consumption due to mitigation and adaptation costs and residual damage
|Dimension=time, region
|Unit=US$ (2005) per year or percentage (%)
|VariableType=model (end-indicator)
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=
|Source=
|BasedOn=
|Reference=
|Source3=
|Reference2=
|ExternalModel=
}}

Child underweight

2014-04-25T15:05:37Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Prevalence of undernourishment
|Description=Prevalence of undernourishment for children.
|Dimension=time, worldgrid
|VariableType=model (end-indicator)
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=
|Source=
|BasedOn=
|Reference=
|Source3=
|Reference2=
|ExternalModel=
}}

Carbon storage price

2014-04-25T15:02:07Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Carbon storage cost
|Description=The costs of capturing and storing CO2, which impacts the use of CCS technology
|Dimension=time, region
|VariableType=model (from/to model)
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=
|Source=
|BasedOn=
|Reference=
|Source3=
|Reference2=
|ExternalModel=
}}

Carbon price

2014-04-25T14:57:50Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Carbon price
|Description=Carbon price on the international trading market (in USD2005 per tonne C-eq) calculated from aggregated regional permit demand and supply curves. These curves are derived from marginal abatement costs.
|Dimension=time, region
|Unit=US$2005 per tonne C-eq
|VariableType=model (from/to model)
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=
|Source=
|BasedOn=
|Reference=
|Source3=
|Reference2=
|ExternalModel=
}}

CO and NMVOC emissions

2014-04-25T14:47:18Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=CO and NMVOC emissions
|Description=Emissions from CO and NMVOC
|Dimension=time, region
|Unit=Pg C/NMVOC yr<sup>-1</sup>
|VariableType=model (from/to model)
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=
|Source=
|BasedOn=
|Reference=
|Source3=
|Reference2=
|ExternalModel=
}}

Bioenergy area

2014-04-25T14:45:35Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Description=Area used to produce bio-energy. Sustainability criteria may require that this area is outside the "normal" agricultural area (to avoid competition between bio-energy and food)
|VariableType=model (end-indicator)
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=
|Source=
|BasedOn=
|Reference=
|Source3=
|Reference2=
}}

BC, OC and NOx emissions

2014-04-25T14:43:23Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Black and Organic Carbon, SO2 and NOx emissions
|Description=Emissions of BC, OC, SO2 and NOx per year
|Dimension=time, region
|Unit=Pg BC/OC/SO2/NOx per yr
|VariableType=model (from/to model)
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=
|Source=
|BasedOn=
|Reference=
|Source3=
|Reference2=
|ExternalModel=
}}

Animal stocks

2014-04-25T14:41:41Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Animal stocks
|Description=The number of animals for different animal categories: non-dairy cattle; dairy cattle; pigs; sheep and goats; poultry.
|Dimension=time, region
|VariableType=model (from/to model)
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=
|Source=
|BasedOn=
|Reference=
|Source3=
|Reference2=
}}

Agricultural area - grid

2014-04-25T14:39:57Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Description=Total area for producing crops (annual and perennial) and intensive grassland
|Dimension=time, worldgrid
|VariableType=model (from/to model)
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=
|Source=
|BasedOn=
|Reference=
|Source3=
|Reference2=
|ExternalModel=
}}

Actual crop and grass production - grid

2014-04-25T14:37:26Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Actual crop and grass production
|Description=Actual crop and grass production
|Dimension=time, worldgrid
|VariableType=model (from/to model)
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=
|Source=
|BasedOn=
|Reference=
|Source3=
|Reference2=
|ExternalModel=
}}

Energy resources

2014-04-25T14:35:46Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Energy resources
|Description=Volume of energy resource per carrier, region and supply cost class (determines depletion dynamics).
|Dimension=time, region, energy carrier
|VariableType=driver
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=Energy and land resources
|Source=Rogner, 1997; Mulders et al., 2006;
|Source3=
|Reference2=
|ExternalModel=
}}

Lifestyle parameters

2014-04-25T14:33:35Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Lifestyle parameters for energy demand
|Description=Lifestyle parameters influence the relationships between economic activities and demand for energy
|VariableType=driver
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=Lifestyle parameters
|Source=Based on calibration (IEA)
|Source3=
|Reference2=
|ExternalModel=
}}

Increase in irrigated area - grid

2014-04-25T14:20:56Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Expansion of irrigated areas
|Description=Increase of irrigated area
|Dimension=time, region, worldgrid
|VariableType=driver
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=Technological change in agriculture and forestry
|Source=IIASA; FAO;
|BasedOn=Own assumptions for spatial allocation
|Source3=
|Reference2=
|ExternalModel=
}}

Harvest efficiency

2014-04-25T14:17:48Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Forestry drivers
|Description=Fraction of wood in a grid cell converted into products such as timber (per forestry management type).
|Dimension=time, region
|VariableType=driver
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=Technological change in agriculture and forestry
|BasedOn=Various sources
|Source3=
|Reference2=
|ExternalModel=
}}
In principle the fraction is based on literature, applicable for sawlogs & paper/pulp tiber. For biofuel we assume a fraction = 1

Harvest efficiency

2014-04-25T14:16:27Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Forestry drivers
|Description=Fraction of wood in a grid cell converted into timber (per forestry management type).
|Dimension=time, region
|VariableType=driver
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=Technological change in agriculture and forestry
|BasedOn=Various sources
|Source3=
|Reference2=
|ExternalModel=
}}
In principle the fraction is based on literature, applicable for sawlogs & paper/pulp tiber. For biofuel we assume a fraction = 1

Forest plantation demand

2014-04-25T14:09:15Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Wood plantation area
|Description=Demand for forest plantation area
|VariableType=driver
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=Technological change in agriculture and forestry
|Source=Historic: FAO; future: scenario assumptions
|BasedOn=Own estimates
|Source3=
|Reference2=
|ExternalModel=
}}

Fertiliser use efficiency

2014-04-25T14:06:33Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Fertilizer use efficiency
|Description=the ratio between the amount of fertiliser removed from the field by the crop and the amount of fertilizer applied
|Dimension=time, region
|VariableType=driver
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=Technological change in agriculture and forestry
|Source=Historic: FAOSTAT; future: Scenario assumptions
|Reference=Bouwman et al., 2013b;
|Source3=
|Reference2=
|ExternalModel=
}}

Feed conversion

2014-04-25T14:01:59Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Feed conversion (FCR)
|Description=a measure of an animal's efficiency in converting feed mass into increases of the desired output (for cattle, poultry, pigs, sheep and goats)
|Dimension=time, region
|VariableType=driver
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=Technological change in agriculture and forestry
|BasedOn=Historic: FAO; Future: Scenario assumption
|Source3=
|Reference2=
|ExternalModel=
}}
[[IsInputOf::Livestock]]

Animal productivity

2014-04-25T13:54:47Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Animal productivity
|Description=Effective production of livestock commodities per animal per year
|Dimension=time, region
|VariableType=driver
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=Technological change in agriculture and forestry
|Source=Historic: FAOSTAT database; Future: scenario assumption
|Source3=
|Reference2=
|ExternalModel=
}}

Technology development of energy supply

2014-04-25T13:53:30Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Technology development
|Description=Learning curves or exogenous learning which determine technology development
|Dimension=time, region
|VariableType=driver
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=Technological change in the energy system
|BasedOn=Scenario assumptions based on various sources
|Source3=
|Reference2=
|ExternalModel=
}}

Technology development of energy conversion

2014-04-25T13:52:32Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Technology development
|Description=Learning curves or exogenous learning which determine technology development
|Dimension=time, region
|VariableType=driver
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=Technological change in the energy system
|BasedOn=Scenario assumption based on various sources
|Source3=
|Reference2=
|ExternalModel=
}}

Learning rate

2014-04-25T13:45:33Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Learning rate
|Description=Determines the rate of technology development in learning equations
|Dimension=time, region
|VariableType=driver
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=Technological change in the energy system
|BasedOn=Literature and scenario assumptions
|Source3=
|Reference2=
|ExternalModel=
}}

Energy intensity parameters

2014-04-25T13:44:15Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Energy intensity parameters
|Description=Energy use per unit of economic activity.
|VariableType=driver
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=Technological change in the energy system
|Source=Historical: IEA; Future: Own calculations and scenario assumptions
|Source3=
|Reference2=
|ExternalModel=
}}

Protected area - grid

2014-04-25T13:27:50Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Protected areas
|Description=Map of protected nature areas, limiting use of this area.
|Dimension=worldgrid
|VariableType=driver
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=Environmental and other policies
|Source=WDPA database;
|BasedOn=Own assumptions, derived from polygon maps
|Source3=
|Reference2=
|ExternalModel=
}}

Energy policy

2014-04-25T13:25:51Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Energy policies
|Description=Policy aimed at achieving energy system objectives such as energy security or energy access
|Dimension=time, region
|VariableType=driver
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=Environmental and other policies
|BasedOn=Own assumptions
|Source3=
|Reference2=
|ExternalModel=
}}

Air pollution policy

2014-04-25T13:12:57Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Air pollution policies
|Description=Air pollution policies describe assumed targets for emissions. In the models, this is represented in the form of energy carrier and sector specific emission factors.
|VariableType=driver
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=Environmental and other policies
|Source=Historic: EDGAR database; Future: own assumptions
|BasedOn=Own assumptions
|Source3=
|Reference2=
|ExternalModel=
}}

Trade restriction

2014-04-25T13:10:26Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Trade restrictions
|Description=Trade tariffs and barriers limiting trade in energy carriers (in energy submodel)
|Dimension=time, region
|VariableType=driver
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=Trade regimes, tariffs and barriers
|BasedOn=Own assumptions
|Source3=
|Reference2=
|ExternalModel=
}}

Trade policy

2014-04-25T13:08:40Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Trade policy
|ShortDescription=Assumed changes in market and non-market instruments that influence trade flows

|Description=Assumed changes in market and non-market instruments that influence trade flows, subject to WTO rules and country and region regulation
|VariableType=driver
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=Trade regimes, tariffs and barriers
|BasedOn=Own assumptions
|Source3=
|Reference2=
|ExternalModel=
}}

Timber demand

2014-04-25T13:05:57Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Timber demand
|Description=Demand for roundwood and pulpwood per region
|Dimension=time, region
|VariableType=driver
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=Economic development
|Source=Historic: FAO; Future: Exogenous input or own calculation
|Source3=
|Reference2=
|ExternalModel=
}}

Private consumption

2014-04-25T12:56:20Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Private consumption per capita
|Description=Private consumption reflects expenditures on private household consumption. In IMAGE it is used as a driver of energy consumption in the residential sector. It is also used as a welfare indicator.
|Dimension=time, region
|Unit=US$ (2005) per yr
|VariableType=driver
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=Economic development
|Source=Historic: World Bank; Future: Exogenous input
|Source3=
|Reference2=
|ExternalModel=
}}

GINI coefficient

2014-04-25T12:53:37Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=GINI coefficient
|Description=The GINI coefficient is a measure of income disparity in a population. If all enjoy the same income, GINI equals unity. The lower the GINI is, the wider is the gap between the lowest and highest income groups.
|VariableType=driver
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=Economic development
|Source=Historic: World Bank database; future: Scenario assumption
|Source3=
|Reference2=
|ExternalModel=
}}

GDP per capita - grid

2014-04-25T12:52:19Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=GDP per capita per gridcell
|Description=Scaled down from GDP per capita per country using downscaled population per grid cell.
|Dimension=time, worldgrid
|Unit=per gridcell
|VariableType=driver
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=Economic development
|Source=Own downscaling
|BasedOn=Own downscaling
|Source3=
|Reference2=
|ExternalModel=
}}

GDP per capita

2014-04-25T12:50:27Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita
|ShortDescription=Gross Domestic Product is the market value of all final goods and services produced within a region in a year. In the IMAGE framework is mostly used as a generic indicator of economic activity.
|Description=Gross Domestic Product is the market value of all final goods and services produced within a region in a year. In the IMAGE framework is mostly used as a generic indicator of economic activity. Scenarios are derived from macro-economic models as exogenous model input.
|Dimension=time, region
|Unit=US$ (2005) per year
|VariableType=driver
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=Economic development
|Source=Historic: World Bank; Future: Exogenous input
|Source3=
|Reference2=
|ExternalModel=
}}

Urban population fraction

2014-04-25T12:47:16Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=urbanisation
|Description=Urban/rural split of population
|Dimension=time, region
|Unit=fraction
|VariableType=driver
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=Population projections
|Source=Historic: UN; future: Exogenous input
|Source3=
|Reference2=
|ExternalModel=
}}

Population - grid

2014-04-25T12:45:41Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Population per gridcell
|Description=Number of people per gridcell (using downscaling)
|Dimension=time, worldgrid
|Unit=people
|VariableType=driver
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=Population projections
|Source=Historic: UN;
|BasedOn=Own downscaling
|Source3=
|Reference2=
|ExternalModel=
}}

Population

2014-04-25T12:41:36Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Population per region
|ShortDescription=Number of people per region
|Description=Number of people per region
|Dimension=time, region
|Unit=people
|VariableType=driver
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=Population projections
|Source=Historic: UN; Future: Exogenous input
|Source3=
|Reference2=
|ExternalModel=
|HasSource=UN, IIASA
}}

Access to drinking water and sanitation

2014-04-25T12:35:48Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Access to drinking water and sanitation
|Description=Percentage of the population without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation
|Dimension=time, worldgrid
|Unit=%
|VariableType=model (end-indicator)
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=
|Source=
|BasedOn=
|Reference=
|Source3=
|Reference2=
|ExternalModel=
}}

GDP per capita

2014-04-25T12:29:11Z

DetlefvanVuuren:

{{VariableTemplate
|Label=Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita
|ShortDescription=Gross Domestic Product is the market value of all final goods and services produced within a region in a year. In the IMAGE framework is mostly used as a generic indicator of economic activity.
|Description=Gross Domestic Product is the market value of all final goods and services produced within a region in a year. In the IMAGE framework GDP is an exogenous variable, estimated with more detailed models that account for intersectoral linkages, own- and cross-price responses, and other factors.
|Dimension=time, region
|Unit=US$ (2005) per year
|VariableType=driver
|Source2=
|BasedOn2=
|Reference2=
|DriverGroup=Economic development
|Source=Historic: World Bank; Future: Exogenous input
|Source3=
|Reference2=
|ExternalModel=
}}