IMAGE - User contributions [en]

Human development

2014-06-11T09:02:10Z

PaulLucas:

{{ComponentTemplate2
|Application=OECD Environmental Outlook to 2050 (2012) project; Roads from Rio+20 (2012) project; beyond 2015 (2009) project
|IMAGEComponent=Drivers; Energy demand; Agricultural economy; Emissions; Water
|Model-Database=GUAM model; World Bank database; FAOSTAT database; WHO database;
|KeyReference=Hilderink and Lucas, 2008; PBL, 2012; PBL, 2009;
|InputVar=Temperature - grid; Precipitation - grid; Food availability per capita; GINI coefficient; GDP per capita; People dependent on solid fuel; BC, OC and NOx emissions; SO2 emissions; Population - grid; Urban population fraction;
|OutputVar=Child mortality; Life expectancy; DALYs (disability-adjusted life years); Access to drinking water and sanitation; HDI (human development index); Child underweight; Prevalence of undernourishment; People living on less then USD 1.25 per day;
|Description=The quantity and quality of accessible environmental resources determine the viability of livelihoods. Unequal access to, and diminished quality of resources have a significant effect on livelihoods and on human health, particularly in developing countries. Increasing world population accompanied by rising demand for food, water and energy will put even more pressure on scarce natural resources, such as fertile land, potable water and forest resources. The pressure will be even greater in areas where natural resources are not well managed and or where degraded as a result of global environmental change.

On all scales from global UN processes to local initiatives, decision makers are concerned with improving the standard of living and human development. The IMAGE framework provides valuable insights into key environmental factors that affect human development, and how these impacts may be reduced by improving the natural environment.

In the IMAGE framework, the Global Integrated Sustainability Model ([[GISMO model|GISMO]]) quantifies changes in human development, including access to food, water and energy, and the impact of economic, social and environmental changes (Hilderink and Lucas, 2008). The model includes the Human Development Index (HDI), population health measures (e.g. child mortality and life expectancy), and many indicators for the Millennium Development Goals ({{abbrTemplate|MDGs}}).

Those parts of GISMO directly linked to other parts of IMAGE, are namely climate-related health risks, health problems related to urban and indoor air pollution, and the effects of malnutrition.

|ComponentCode=HD
|AggregatedComponent=Impacts
|FrameworkElementType=impact component
}}

Human development

2014-06-11T09:01:45Z

PaulLucas:

{{ComponentTemplate2
|Application=OECD Environmental Outlook to 2050 (2012) project; Roads from Rio+20 (2012) project; beyond 2015 (2009) project
|IMAGEComponent=Drivers; Energy demand; Agricultural economy; Emissions; Water
|Model-Database=GUAM model; World Bank database; FAOSTAT database; WHO database;
|KeyReference=Hilderink and Lucas, 2008; PBL, 2012; PBL, 2009;
|InputVar=Temperature - grid; Precipitation - grid; Food availability per capita; GINI coefficient; GDP per capita; People dependent on solid fuel; BC, OC and NOx emissions; SO2 emissions; Population - grid; Urban population fraction;
|OutputVar=Child mortality; Life expectancy; DALYs (disability-adjusted life years); Access to drinking water and sanitation; HDI (human development index); Child underweight; Prevalence of undernourishment; People living on less then USD 1.25 per day;
|Description=The quantity and quality of accessible environmental resources determine the viability of livelihoods. Unequal access to, and diminished quality of resources have a significant effect on livelihoods and on human health, particularly in developing countries. Increasing world population accompanied by rising demand for food, water and energy will put even more pressure on scarce natural resources, such as fertile land, potable water and forest resources. The pressure will be even greater in areas where natural resources are not well managed and or where degraded as a result of global environmental change.

On all scales from global UN processes to local initiatives, decision makers are concerned with improving the standard of living and human development. The IMAGE framework provides valuable insights into key environmental factors that affect human development, and how these impacts may be reduced by improving the natural environment.

In the IMAGE framework, the Global Integrated Sustainability Model ([[GISMO model|GISMO]]) quantifies changes in human development, including access to food, water and energy, and the impact of economic, social and environmental changes (Hilderink and Lucas, 2008). The model also includes the Human Development Index (HDI), population health measures (e.g. child mortality and life expectancy), and many indicators for the Millennium Development Goals ({{abbrTemplate|MDGs}}).

Those parts of GISMO directly linked to other parts of IMAGE, are namely climate-related health risks, health problems related to urban and indoor air pollution, and the effects of malnutrition.

|ComponentCode=HD
|AggregatedComponent=Impacts
|FrameworkElementType=impact component
}}

GISMO model

2014-06-11T09:01:11Z

PaulLucas:

{{ComputerModelTemplate
|Subject=Impacts on human development
|Description=It quantifies changes in human development, including access to food, water and energy, and the impact of economic, social and environmental changes
|Creator=PBL
|FrameworkRelation=associated model
|Component=Human development
}}

Beyond 2015 (2009) project

2014-06-11T08:56:41Z

PaulLucas:

{{ApplicationTemplate
|Website=http://www.pbl.nl/en/publications/2009/Beyond-2015_-Long-term-development-and-the-Millennium-Development-Goals
|ApplicationType=1. Global integrated assessment
|IMAGERoleDescription=The GISMO model is used to make a comprehensive and consistent assessment of long-term (2015 and 2030) development dynamics and the implications for MDG achievement. MDGs analysed include poverty and inequality, education, access to food, water and energy, and child mortality, as well as the role of the environment.
|Summary=More than a billion people live in poverty, without adequate food, safe drinking water or clean energy. Aimed at providing basic quality of life, the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are leading on the agenda for development policies. Although substantial progress has been made over the last 15 year, the report shows this to be insufficient for achieving all goals in all regions by 2015. Many of the goals will not even be achieved by 2030. Reducing child mortality by two-thirds seems to be the most difficult target, requiring substantial additional policy efforts.
|KeyReference=PBL, 2009;
}}

Beyond 2015 (2009) project

2014-06-11T08:56:13Z

PaulLucas:

{{ApplicationTemplate
|Website=http://www.pbl.nl/en/publications/2009/Beyond-2015_-Long-term-development-and-the-Millennium-Development-Goals
|ApplicationType=1. Global integrated assessment
|IMAGERoleDescription=GISMO has been used to make a comprehensive and consistent assessment of long-term (2015 and 2030) development dynamics and the implications for MDG achievement. MDGs analysed include poverty and inequality, education, access to food, water and energy, and child mortality, as well as the role of the environment.
|Summary=More than a billion people live in poverty, without adequate food, safe drinking water or clean energy. Aimed at providing basic quality of life, the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are leading on the agenda for development policies. Although substantial progress has been made over the last 15 year, the report shows this to be insufficient for achieving all goals in all regions by 2015. Many of the goals will not even be achieved by 2030. Reducing child mortality by two-thirds seems to be the most difficult target, requiring substantial additional policy efforts.
|KeyReference=PBL, 2009;
}}

Beyond 2015 (2009) project

2014-06-11T08:55:53Z

PaulLucas:

{{ApplicationTemplate
|Website=http://www.pbl.nl/en/publications/2009/Beyond-2015_-Long-term-development-and-the-Millennium-Development-Goals
|ApplicationType=1. Global integrated assessment
|IMAGERoleDescription=GISMO has been used to make a comprehensive and consistent assessment of long-term (2015 and 2030) development dynamics and the implications for MDG achievement. MDGs analysed include poverty and inequality, education, access to food, water and energy, and child mortality, as well as the role of the environment.
|Summary=More than a billion people live in poverty, without adequate food, safe drinking water or clean energy. Aimed at providing basic quality of life, the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are leading on the agenda for development policies. Although substantial progress has been made over the last 15 year, the report shows this to be insufficient for achieving all goals in all regions by 2015. Many of the goals will not even be achieved by 2030. Reducing child mortality by two-thirds seems to be the most difficult target, requiring substantial additional policy efforts.
|KeyReference=PBL, 2009; World Bank, 2011;
}}

Beyond 2015 (2009) project

2014-06-11T08:54:34Z

PaulLucas:

{{ApplicationTemplate
|Website=http://www.pbl.nl/en/publications/2009/Beyond-2015_-Long-term-development-and-the-Millennium-Development-Goals
|ApplicationType=1. Global integrated assessment
|IMAGERoleDescription=GISMO has been used to make a comprehensive and consistent assessment of long-term (2015 and 2030) development dynamics and the implications for MDG achievement. Goals analysed include poverty and inequality, education, access to food, water and energy, and child mortality.
|Summary=More than a billion people live in poverty, without adequate food, safe drinking water or clean energy. Aimed at providing basic quality of life, the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are leading on the agenda for development policies. Although substantial progress has been made over the last 15 year, the report shows this to be insufficient for achieving all goals in all regions by 2015. Many of the goals will not even be achieved by 2030. Reducing child mortality by two-thirds seems to be the most difficult target, requiring substantial additional policy efforts.
|KeyReference=PBL, 2009;
}}

Beyond 2015 (2009) project

2014-06-11T08:49:33Z

PaulLucas: Created page with "{{ApplicationTemplate |Website=http://www.pbl.nl/en/publications/2009/Beyond-2015_-Long-term-development-and-the-Millennium-Development-Goals |ApplicationType=1. Global integr..."

Human development

2014-06-11T08:45:35Z

PaulLucas:

{{ComponentTemplate2
|Application=OECD Environmental Outlook to 2050 (2012) project; Roads from Rio+20 (2012) project; beyond 2015 (2009) project
|IMAGEComponent=Drivers; Energy demand; Agricultural economy; Emissions; Water
|Model-Database=GUAM model; World Bank database; FAOSTAT database; WHO database;
|KeyReference=Hilderink and Lucas, 2008; PBL, 2012; PBL, 2009;
|InputVar=Temperature - grid; Precipitation - grid; Food availability per capita; GINI coefficient; GDP per capita; People dependent on solid fuel; BC, OC and NOx emissions; SO2 emissions; Population - grid; Urban population fraction;
|OutputVar=Child mortality; Life expectancy; DALYs (disability-adjusted life years); Access to drinking water and sanitation; HDI (human development index); Child underweight; Prevalence of undernourishment; People living on less then USD 1.25 per day;
|Description=The quantity and quality of accessible environmental resources determine the viability of livelihoods. Unequal access to, and diminished quality of resources have a significant effect on livelihoods and on human health, particularly in developing countries. Increasing world population accompanied by rising demand for food, water and energy will put even more pressure on scarce natural resources, such as fertile land, potable water and forest resources. The pressure will be even greater in areas where natural resources are not well managed and or where degraded as a result of global environmental change.

On all scales from global UN processes to local initiatives, decision makers are concerned with improving the standard of living and human development. The IMAGE framework provides valuable insights into key environmental factors that affect human development, and how these impacts may be reduced by improving the natural environment.

In the IMAGE framework, the Global Integrated Sustainability Model ([[GISMO model|GISMO]]) quantifies changes in human development, including access to sanitation, food and energy, and the impact of economic, social and environmental changes (Hilderink and Lucas, 2008). The model also includes the Human Development Index (HDI), population health measures (e.g. child mortality and life expectancy), and many indicators for the Millennium Development Goals ({{abbrTemplate|MDGs}}).

Those parts of GISMO directly linked to other parts of IMAGE, are namely climate-related health risks, health problems related to urban and indoor air pollution, and the effects of malnutrition.

|ComponentCode=HD
|AggregatedComponent=Impacts
|FrameworkElementType=impact component
}}

Human development

2014-06-10T09:33:49Z

PaulLucas:

{{ComponentTemplate2
|Application=OECD Environmental Outlook to 2050 (2012) project; Roads from Rio+20 (2012) project;
|IMAGEComponent=Drivers; Energy demand; Agricultural economy; Emissions; Water
|Model-Database=GUAM model; World Bank database; FAOSTAT database; WHO database;
|KeyReference=Hilderink and Lucas, 2008; PBL, 2012; PBL, 2009;
|InputVar=Temperature - grid; Precipitation - grid; Food availability per capita; GINI coefficient; GDP per capita; People dependent on solid fuel; BC, OC and NOx emissions; SO2 emissions; Population - grid; Urban population fraction;
|OutputVar=Child mortality; Life expectancy; DALYs (disability-adjusted life years); Access to drinking water and sanitation; HDI (human development index); Child underweight; Prevalence of undernourishment; People living on less then USD 1.25 per day;
|Description=The quantity and quality of accessible environmental resources determine the viability of livelihoods. Unequal access to, and diminished quality of resources have a significant effect on livelihoods and on human health, particularly in developing countries. Increasing world population accompanied by rising demand for food, water and energy will put even more pressure on scarce natural resources, such as fertile land, potable water and forest resources. The pressure will be even greater in areas where natural resources are not well managed and or where degraded as a result of global environmental change.

On all scales from global UN processes to local initiatives, decision makers are concerned with improving the standard of living and human development. The IMAGE framework provides valuable insights into key environmental factors that affect human development, and how these impacts may be reduced by improving the natural environment.

In the IMAGE framework, the Global Integrated Sustainability Model ([[GISMO model|GISMO]]) quantifies changes in human development, including access to sanitation, food and energy, and the impact of economic, social and environmental changes (Hilderink and Lucas, 2008). The model also includes the Human Development Index (HDI), population health measures (e.g. child mortality and life expectancy), and many indicators for the Millennium Development Goals ({{abbrTemplate|MDGs}}).

Those parts of GISMO directly linked to other parts of IMAGE, are namely climate-related health risks, health problems related to urban and indoor air pollution, and the effects of malnutrition.

|ComponentCode=HD
|AggregatedComponent=Impacts
|FrameworkElementType=impact component
}}

Carbon tax

2014-04-08T21:42:22Z

PaulLucas:

{{PolicyInterventionTemplate
|Component=Energy conversion; Energy demand; Climate policy;
|Description=A tax on carbon leads to higher prices for carbon intensive fuels (such as fossil fuels), making low-carbon alternatives more attractive.
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Energy conversion
|EffectDescription=A carbon tax will induce a transition from carbon intensive fuel to carbon low fuels. Since hydrogen and electricity are well suited for carrying carbon low energy, the production of hydrogen and electricity could increase.
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Energy demand
|EffectDescription=The higher fossil fuel prices result in a shift towards less carbon-intensive energy carriers and (assuming a higher overall energy price) more energy efficiency. There can also be changes in end-use technologies ( e.g. electric cars in the transport sector, blast furnaces with CCS to produce iron and steel).
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Energy supply
|EffectDescription=The energy supply will change from the use of carbon intensive energy carriers to the use of low/zero carbon energy carriers.
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Climate policy
|EffectDescription=In the climate policy component, the carbon tax leads to emission reductions via Marginal Abatement Cost (MAC) curves derived from the TIMER model.
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Emissions
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Human development
|EffectDescription=Induces a transition from carbon intensive fuels to carbon low fuels, thereby also lowering outdoor air pollution. Lower air pollution reduces mortality rates through reduced incidence of lung cancer, cardiopulmonary diseases and acute respiratory infections
}}

Closing the yield gap

2014-04-08T21:31:38Z

PaulLucas:

{{PolicyInterventionTemplate
|Component=Agricultural economy and forestry;
|Description=This intervention increases actual yields (reduces the gap between potential and actual yields), usually realized by better management.
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Agricultural economy and forestry
|EffectDescription=Higher yields reduce the need for agricultural land and usually lower the price of food commodities.
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Crop and grass
|EffectDescription=BESCHRIJVING
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Terrestrial biodiversity
|EffectDescription=Decreases the pressure on land for agriculture. On the other hand it can increase the pressure from emissions towards natural areas.
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Human development
|EffectDescription=Increases food security, thereby reducing child underweight. This in turn reduces child mortality as lower levels of child underweight result in a lower incidence of diarrhoea and pneumonia and a lower case fatality of malaria, diarrhoea, pneumonia and protein energy deficiency
}}

Increase access to food

2014-04-08T21:30:52Z

PaulLucas:

{{PolicyInterventionTemplate
|Component=Human development;
|Description=Increase access to food by targeting food prices for the poorest households
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Human development
|EffectDescription=Increases food security, thereby reducing child underweight. This in turn reduces child mortality as lower levels of child underweight result in a lower incidence of diarrhoea and pneumonia and a lower case fatality of malaria, diarrhoea, pneumonia and protein energy deficiency
}}

Subsidies on modern energy

2014-04-08T21:21:44Z

PaulLucas:

{{PolicyInterventionTemplate
|Component=Energy demand;
|Description=Reduces the costs of modern energy to reduce traditional energy use (can be targeted to low income groups).
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Energy demand
|EffectDescription=Reduces traditional energy use, while increasing modern energy use.
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Human development
|EffectDescription=Reduces indoor air pollution. This reduces child motality due to lower incidence of pneumonia
}}

Provision on improved stoves for traditional bio-energy

2014-04-08T21:18:53Z

PaulLucas:

{{PolicyInterventionTemplate
|Component=Energy demand;
|Description=Increases the efficiency of bio-energy use.
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Energy demand
|EffectDescription=Reduces demand for bio-energy.
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Human development
|EffectDescription=Reduces indoor air pollution. This reduces child mortality due to lower incidence of pneumonia
}}

Closing the yield gap

2014-04-08T21:07:11Z

PaulLucas:

{{PolicyInterventionTemplate
|Component=Agricultural economy and forestry;
|Description=This intervention increases actual yields (reduces the gap between potential and actual yields), usually realized by better management.
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Agricultural economy and forestry
|EffectDescription=Higher yields reduce the need for agricultural land and usually lower the price of food commodities.
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Crop and grass
|EffectDescription=BESCHRIJVING
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Terrestrial biodiversity
|EffectDescription=Decreases the pressure on land for agriculture. On the other hand it can increase the pressure from emissions towards natural areas.
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Human development
|EffectDescription=Increases global availability of food. This reduces child mortality as child underweight is much lower.
}}

Subsidies on modern energy

2014-04-08T21:05:50Z

PaulLucas:

{{PolicyInterventionTemplate
|Component=Energy demand;
|Description=Reduces the costs of modern energy to reduce traditional energy use (can be targeted to low income groups).
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Energy demand
|EffectDescription=Reduces traditional energy use, while increasing modern energy use.
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Human development
|EffectDescription=Reduces traditional energy use and thereby indoor air pollution. This reduces child motality due to lower incidence of pneumonia
}}

Increase access to water

2014-04-08T21:03:43Z

PaulLucas:

{{PolicyInterventionTemplate
|Component=Human development
|Description=Increase access to safe drinking water and improved sanitation by lowering prices and investing in infrastructure
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Human development
|EffectDescription=Reduces child mortality by lowering the incidence of diarrhoea
}}

Increase access to food

2014-04-08T21:03:10Z

PaulLucas:

{{PolicyInterventionTemplate
|Component=Human development;
|Description=Increase access to food by targeting food prices for the poorest households
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Human development
|EffectDescription=Reduces child underweight and thereby also child mortality by lowering the incidence of diarrhoea and pneumonia and the case fatality of malaria, diarrhoea, pneumonia and protein energy deficiency
}}

Improve quality of access

2014-04-08T21:01:43Z

PaulLucas:

{{PolicyInterventionTemplate
|Component=Human development
|Description=Improve the quality of access to drinking water, sanitation and modern sources of energy, through, for example, household connections to drinking-water supply and the use of LPG or kerosene instead of traditional biomass on improved biomass stoves
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Human development
|EffectDescription=Reduces child mortality by lowering the incidence of diarrhoea and pneumonia
}}

Improve behaviour

2014-04-08T21:01:02Z

PaulLucas:

{{PolicyInterventionTemplate
|Component=Human development
|Description=Reduce the health impacts of malnutrition and inadequate access to safe drinking water, basic sanitaion and modern sources of energy, through, for example, improving female education, promoting good hygiene and providing good indoor good ventilation
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Human development
|EffectDescription=Decreases chil moratality by lowering the incidence of child underweight, diarrhoea and pneumonia
}}

Subsidies on modern energy

2014-04-07T14:30:22Z

PaulLucas:

{{PolicyInterventionTemplate
|Component=Energy demand;
|Description=Reduces the costs of modern energy to reduce traditional energy use (can be targeted to low income groups).
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Energy demand
|EffectDescription=Reduces traditional energy use, while increasing modern energy use.
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Human development
|EffectDescription=Reduces traditional energy use, thereby lowering the incidence of pneumonia
}}

Increase access to food

2014-04-07T14:29:05Z

PaulLucas:

{{PolicyInterventionTemplate
|Component=Human development;
|Description=Increase access to food by targeting food prices for the poorest households
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Human development
|EffectDescription=Reduces child underweight and thereby the incidence of diarrhoea and pneumonia and the case fatality of malaria, diarrhoea, pneumonia and protein energy deficiency
}}

Increase access to food

2014-04-07T14:28:42Z

PaulLucas: PaulLucas moved page Reduce malnutrition to Increase access to food

{{PolicyInterventionTemplate
|Component=Human development;
|Description=Increase access to food by targeting food prices for the poorest households
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Human development
|EffectDescription=Reduces child underweight and thereby the incidence of diarrhoea and pneumonia and case fatality of malaria, diarrhoea, pneumonia and protein energy deficiency
}}

Increase access to food

2014-04-07T14:28:13Z

PaulLucas:

{{PolicyInterventionTemplate
|Component=Human development;
|Description=Increase access to food by targeting food prices for the poorest households
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Human development
|EffectDescription=Reduces child underweight and thereby the incidence of diarrhoea and pneumonia and case fatality of malaria, diarrhoea, pneumonia and protein energy deficiency
}}

Increase access to water

2014-04-07T14:27:21Z

PaulLucas:

Increase access to water

2014-04-07T14:26:41Z

PaulLucas:

{{PolicyInterventionTemplate
|Component=Human development
|Description=Increase access to safe drinking water and improved sanitation by lowering prices and investing in infrastructure
|Reference=PBL, 2012
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Human development
|EffectDescription=Lowers the incidence of diarrhoea
}}

Increase access to water

2014-04-07T14:25:22Z

PaulLucas: PaulLucas moved page Increase access to water and energy to Increase access to water

{{PolicyInterventionTemplate
|Component=Human development
|Description=Increase access levels to drinking water, sanitation and modern sources of energy by lowering prices and investing in infrastructure
|Reference=PBL, 2012
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Human development
|EffectDescription=Lowers the incidence of diarrhoea and pneumonia
|Reference=PBL, 2012
}}

Improve quality of access

2014-04-07T14:24:29Z

PaulLucas:

Improve behaviour

2014-04-07T14:24:06Z

PaulLucas:

{{PolicyInterventionTemplate
|Component=Human development
|Description=Reduce the health impacts of malnutrition and inadequate access to safe drinking water, basic sanitaion and modern sources of energy, through, for example, improving female education, promoting good hygiene and providing good indoor good ventilation
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Human development
|EffectDescription=Lowers the incidence of child underweight, diarrhoea and pneumonia
}}

Subsidies on modern energy

2014-04-07T13:13:39Z

PaulLucas:

{{PolicyInterventionTemplate
|Component=Energy demand;
|Description=Reduces the costs of modern energy to reduce traditional energy use (can be targeted to low income groups).
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Energy demand
|EffectDescription=Reduces traditional energy use, while increasing modern energy use.
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Human development
|EffectDescription=Reduces traditional energy use, while increasing modern energy use.
}}

Increase access to food

2014-04-04T14:31:29Z

PaulLucas:

{{PolicyInterventionTemplate
|Component=Human development;
|Description=Increase food availability through increasing food production and targeting food prices for the poorest households
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Human development
|EffectDescription=Reduces child underweight and thereby the incidence of diarrhoea and pneumonia and case fatality of malaria, diarrhoea, pneumonia and protein energy deficiency
}}

Mitigate environmental changes

2014-04-04T14:29:44Z

PaulLucas:

{{PolicyInterventionTemplate
|Component=Human development
|Description=Mitigating environmental changes, such as climate change, biodiversity loss and water stress
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Human development
|EffectDescription=Lowers the impacts of environmental changes on food and water availability
}}

Increase access to water

2014-04-04T14:28:47Z

PaulLucas:

Increase access to water

2014-04-04T14:27:14Z

PaulLucas: PaulLucas moved page Increase access to Increase access to water and energy

Improve quality of access

2014-04-04T14:26:08Z

PaulLucas:

{{PolicyInterventionTemplate
|Component=Human development
|Description=Improve the quality of access to drinking water, sanitation and modern sources of energy, through, for example, household connections to drinking-water supply and the use of LPG or kerosene instead of traditional biomass on improved biomass stoves
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Human development
|EffectDescription=Lowers the incidence of diarrhoea and pneumonia
|Reference=PBL, 2012
}}

Increase access to food

2014-04-04T14:25:05Z

PaulLucas:

{{PolicyInterventionTemplate
|Component=Human development;
|Description=Increase food availability through increasing food production and targeting food prices for the poorest households
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Human development
|EffectDescription=Reduces child underweight and thereby the incidence and case fatality of malaria, diarrhoea and pneumonia
}}

Increase access to food

2014-04-04T14:17:13Z

PaulLucas: Created page with "{{PolicyInterventionTemplate |Component=Human development; |Description=Reduce malnutrition through improved access to food }} {{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate |EffectOnCom..."

{{PolicyInterventionTemplate
|Component=Human development;
|Description=Reduce malnutrition through improved access to food
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Human development
|EffectDescription=Reduces child underweight and the prevalence of undernourishment
}}

Improve behaviour

2014-04-04T14:14:33Z

PaulLucas:

{{PolicyInterventionTemplate
|Component=Human development
|Description=Reduce the health impacts of malnutrition and inadequate access to safe drinking water, basic sanitaion and modern sources of energy, through, for example, improving female education, promoting good hygiene and providing good indoor good ventilation
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Human development
|EffectDescription=Lowers the incidence of child underweight, diarrhoea and pneumonia
|Reference=PBL, 2012
}}

Improve behaviour

2014-04-04T14:12:43Z

PaulLucas:

{{PolicyInterventionTemplate
|Component=Human development
|Description=Measures such as improving female education, promoting good hygiene and providing good indoor good ventilation
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Human development
|EffectDescription=Lowers the incidence of child underweight, diarrhoea and pneumonia
|Reference=PBL, 2012
}}

Improve quality of access

2014-04-04T14:09:54Z

PaulLucas:

{{PolicyInterventionTemplate
|Component=Human development
|Description=Improve the quality of access to drinking water, sanitation and modern sources of energy, through, for example, household connections to drinking-water supply and the use of LPG or kerosene instead of traditional biomass on improved biomass stoves
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Human development
|EffectDescription=Lowers the incidence and case fatality of diarrhoea and pneumonia
|Reference=PBL, 2012
}}

Improve quality of access

2014-04-04T13:53:20Z

PaulLucas:

{{PolicyInterventionTemplate
|Component=Human development
|Description=Improve the quality of access through, for example, household connections to the drinking-water supply and LPG or kerosene instead of using improved biomass stoves
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Human development
|EffectDescription=Lowers the incidence and / or case fatality of specific diseases
|Reference=PBL, 2012
}}

Reducing health risk

2014-04-04T13:51:52Z

PaulLucas:

{{PolicyInterventionTemplate
|Description=(primary) prevention, i.e. eliminating or reducing the health risk
}}

Reducing health risk

2014-04-04T13:51:32Z

PaulLucas:

{{PolicyInterventionTemplate
|Component=Human development
|Description=(primary) prevention, i.e. eliminating or reducing the health risk
}}

Increase access to water

2014-04-04T13:50:56Z

PaulLucas:

Increase access to water

2014-04-04T13:50:25Z

PaulLucas:

Mitigate environmental changes

2014-04-04T13:49:46Z

PaulLucas:

Increase access to water

2014-04-04T13:45:43Z

PaulLucas:

Improve behaviour

2014-04-04T13:44:43Z

PaulLucas:

{{PolicyInterventionTemplate
|Component=Human development
|Description=Measures such as improving female education, promoting good hygiene and providing good indoor good ventilation
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Human development
|EffectDescription=Lowers the incidence and / or case fatality of specific diseases
|Reference=PBL, 2012
}}

Improve behaviour

2014-04-04T13:44:07Z

PaulLucas:

{{PolicyInterventionTemplate
|Component=Human development
|Description=Measures such as improve female education, promote good hygiene and provide good indoor good ventilation
}}
{{PolicyInterventionEffectTemplate
|EffectOnComponent=Human development
|EffectDescription=Lowers the incidence and / or case fatality of specific diseases
|Reference=PBL, 2012
}}