Climate policy: Difference between revisions

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{{ComponentTemplate2
{{ComponentTemplate2
|IMAGEComponent=Scenario drivers; Emissions; Energy supply; Energy conversion; Energy supply and demand; Vegetation, hydrology and agriculture; Atmospheric composition and climate;
|IMAGEComponent=Drivers; Emissions; Energy supply; Energy conversion; Energy supply and demand; Carbon, vegetation, agriculture and water; Atmospheric composition and climate;
|ExternalModel=MAGICC model; AD RICE model; TIMER model; POLES database; IIASA database;
|Model-Database=MAGICC model; AD RICE model; TIMER model; POLES model; Enerdata Global Energy & CO2 Data; IIASA database;
|KeyReference=Den Elzen et al., 2011a; Den Elzen et al., 2008; Hof et al., 2008; Van Vliet et al., 2009;
|KeyReference=Den Elzen et al., 2011a; Den Elzen et al., 2008; Hof et al., 2009; Van Vliet et al., 2009;
|Reference=UNFCCC (2015); UNFCCC (2015b); UNEP (2016); Rogelj et al., 2016; Den Elzen et al., 2015a; Kuramochi et al., 2016; Hof et al., 2016;
|InputVar=Population; GDP per capita; CO2 emission from energy and industry; CO and NMVOC emissions; Non-CO2 GHG emissions (CH4, N2O and Halocarbons); Marginal abatement cost; Climate target; Domestic climate policy; Marginal abatement costs; BC, OC and NOx emissions; SO2 emissions; Land-use CO2 emissions - grid; Equity principles; Adaptation level;
|InputVar=Population; GDP per capita; CO2 emission from energy and industry; CO and NMVOC emissions; Non-CO2 GHG emissions (CH4, N2O and Halocarbons); Marginal abatement cost; Climate target; Domestic climate policy; Marginal abatement costs; BC, OC and NOx emissions; SO2 emissions; Land-use CO2 emissions - grid; Equity principles; Adaptation level;
|Parameter=Other energy and land-use models;
|Parameter=Other energy and land-use models;
|OutputVar=Carbon price; Emission abatement; Global emission pathways; Mitigation costs; Emission trading; Consumption loss; Adaptation costs; Residual damage;
|OutputVar=Carbon price; Emission abatement; Global emission pathways; Mitigation costs; Emission trading; Consumption loss; Adaptation costs; Residual damage;
|Description=The United Nations climate negotiations called for urgent action to limit global warming to 2 °C compared to pre-industrial levels. To achieve this goal, countries have proposed short- and long-term reduction targets in the UNFCCC climate negotiating process and in domestic policies. To support climate policymakers, the IMAGE model is used in conjunction with the climate policy model [[FAIR model|FAIR]]. FAIR is a decision support tool to analyse the costs, benefits, and climate effects of mitigation regimes, emission reduction commitments, and climate policies.
|Description=<div class="version changev31">


FAIR can work in stand-alone mode using exogenous data, but in recent applications it interacts with several IMAGE components. For instance, mitigation cost curves for the energy sector are derived from the [[Energy demand and supply|Energy Supply and Demand model TIMER]] and land-use mitigation options from [[Agriculture and land use|Agriculture and Land Use]]. Data from FAIR on marginal abatement costs and reduction efforts per sector and greenhouse gases are used as input for IMAGE to evaluate the impacts under different assumptions for climate mitigation.  
With the 2015 Paris Agreement, all Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) have agreed to limit global warming to 2 °C compared to pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to further limit this increase to a maximum of 1.5 °C [[UNFCCC (2015b)]].


FAIR in combination with IMAGE can analyse the interaction between long-term climate targets and short-term regional emission targets. Regional targets are based on effort-sharing approaches and/or national emission reduction proposals, taking into account decisions on accounting rules as agreed under the {{abbrTemplate|UNFCCC}}. The central purposes of the model are the calculation of mitigation costs and trade in emission allowances, and the net mitigation costs of a region to achieve its mitigation target. FAIR enables evaluation of proposed effort-sharing regimes, including differentiated timing and participation of a limited number of parties to the climate convention. Furthermore, FAIR analyses the trade-offs between costs and benefits of mitigation and adaptation policy.
</div>


To achieve this goal, countries have proposed short- and long-term reduction targets in the {{abbrTemplate|UNFCCC}} climate negotiating process and in domestic policies. To support climate policymakers, the IMAGE model is used in conjunction with the climate policy model [[FAIR model|FAIR]]. FAIR is a decision support tool to analyse the costs, benefits, and climate effects of mitigation regimes, emission reduction commitments, and climate policies.


FAIR can work in stand-alone mode using exogenous data, but in recent applications it interacts with several IMAGE components. For instance, mitigation cost curves for the energy sector are derived from the [[Energy supply and demand|Energy Supply and Demand model TIMER]] and land-use mitigation options from [[Agriculture and land use|Agriculture and Land Use]]. Data from FAIR on marginal abatement costs and reduction efforts per sector and greenhouse gases are used as input for IMAGE to evaluate the impacts under different assumptions for climate mitigation.


FAIR in combination with IMAGE can analyse the interaction between long-term climate targets and short-term regional emission targets. Regional targets are based on effort-sharing approaches and/or national emission reduction proposals, taking into account decisions on accounting rules as agreed under the {{abbrTemplate|UNFCCC}}. The central purposes of the model are the calculation of mitigation costs and trade in emission allowances, and the net mitigation costs of a region to achieve its mitigation target. FAIR enables evaluation of proposed effort-sharing regimes, including differentiated timing and participation of a limited number of parties to the climate convention. Furthermore, FAIR analyses the trade-offs between costs and benefits of mitigation and adaptation policy.
|ComponentCode=CP
|ComponentCode=CP
|FrameworkElementType=response component
|FrameworkElementType=response component
|AggregatedComponent=Policy responses
|AggregatedComponent=Policy responses
}}
}}

Revision as of 14:44, 14 July 2017

Link to framework components overview

Parts of Climate policy

  1. Introduction page
  2. Model description
  3. Policy issues
  4. Data, uncertainty and limitations
  5. Overview of references
Component is implemented in:
Components:
Related IMAGE components
Models/Databases
Key publications
References
FAIR, the climate policy model in IMAGE 3.0
Flowchart Climate policy. See also the Input/Output Table on the introduction page.

Key policy issues

  • What global greenhouse gas emissions pathways would meet the well below 2 °C climate target?
  • What is the effect of effort-sharing approaches on regional and national emission reduction targets and on the cost of climate policies?
  • What is the effect of the NDCs on achieving the long term 2 ºC target?
  • What are the trade-offs between mitigation costs, adaptation costs, and climate change damage?

Introduction

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