Nutrients/Data uncertainties limitations: Difference between revisions

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{{ComponentDataUncertaintyAndLimitationsTemplate
{{ComponentDataUncertaintyAndLimitationsTemplate
|Reference=Bouwman et al., 2009; OECD, 2012; FAO, 2012a; Beusen et al., 2008;
|Reference=OECD, 2012; FAO, 2012a; Beusen et al., 2008;
|Description=<h2>Data,  uncertainties and limitations</h2>
|Description=<h2>Data,  uncertainties and limitations</h2>
===Data===
===Data===
The data stem from various parts of IMAGE, such as land cover, biomes, crop production and allocation, livestock, fertiliser use and nutrient excretion rates. Environmental data include temperature and precipitation, runoff, and soil properties.  
The data stem from various parts of IMAGE, such as land cover, biomes, crop production and allocation, livestock, fertiliser use and nutrient excretion rates. Environmental data include temperature and precipitation, runoff, and soil properties (see Input/output Table [[Nutrients|Introduction part]]).


External data are used for determining historical N excretion rates, manure spreading and fertiliser use efficiency, and their development in the future is a scenario assumption. Additional information used only in this chapter includes lithology, relief and slope of the terrain. Additional data used in the nutrient budget model include subnational data as used for the United States and China.  
External data are used in determining historical N excretion rates, manure spreading and fertiliser use efficiency, but their development in the future is a scenario assumption. Additional information used only in this section includes lithology, relief and slope of the terrain. Additional data used in the nutrient budget model include subnational data as used for the United States, India, Brazil and China.  


===Uncertainties===
===Uncertainties===
With regard to uncertainties, the budget calculations and individual input terms for 2000 have been found to be in close agreement ([[Bouwman et al., 2009]]) with detailed country estimates for the member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ([[OECD]]) ([[OECD, 2012]]).  
With regard to uncertainties, the budget calculations and individual input terms for 2000 have been found to be in close agreement ([[Bouwman et al., 2009]]) with detailed country estimates for the member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ([[OECD, 2012]]).  


However, uncertainty is larger for some of the budget terms than for others. Data on fertiliser use are more reliable than on N and P animal excretions, which are calculated from livestock data ([[FAO, 2012a]]) and excretion rates per animal category. Data on crop nutrient withdrawal are less certain than on crop production, because the withdrawal is calculated with fixed global nutrient contents of the harvested proportions of marketed crops. In addition to uncertainty in nutrient contents, major uncertainties arise from insufficient data, for instance, on crops that are not marketed and on the use of crop residues. This leads to major uncertainties about nutrient withdrawal.
However, uncertainty is larger for some budget terms than for others. Data on fertiliser use are more reliable than on N and P animal excretions, which are calculated from livestock data ([[FAO, 2012b]]) and excretion rates per animal category. Data on crop nutrient withdrawal are less certain than on crop production, because the withdrawal is calculated with fixed global nutrient contents of the harvested proportions of marketed crops. In addition to uncertainty in nutrient contents, major uncertainties arise from insufficient data, for instance, on crops that are not marketed and on the use of crop residues. This leads to major uncertainties about nutrient withdrawal.
Sensitivity analysis ([[Beusen et al., 2008]]) has shown that the main determinants of the uncertainty in the nutrient model are:
 
#N excretion rates; 
Sensitivity analysis ([[Beusen et al., 2015]]) of global nutriënt transport model with data for the year 2000 showed that:
#NH3 emission rates from manure in animal housing and storage systems; 
* runoff is a major factor for N and P delivery, retention and river export.
#the proportion of time that ruminants graze, the proportion of non-agricultural use of manure in mixed and industrial systems;
* Uptake velocity and all factors used to compute the subgrid in-stream retention are important for total in-stream retention and river export of both N and P
#animal stocks.
* Soil N budgets, wastewater and all factors determining litterfall in floodplains are important for N delivery to surface water.
* For P the factors that determine the P content of the soil (soil P content and bulk density) are important factors for P delivery and river export.
 
Sensitivities for the years 1900 and 1950 ([[Beusen et al., 2016]]) show that inputs from vegetation in floodplains (for N and P) and weathering (for P) are important in the first half of the 20th century, when human activites were not yet overshadowing natural sources of nutrients.
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Latest revision as of 15:24, 2 November 2016

link to framework components overview

Parts of Nutrients/Data uncertainties limitations

  1. Introduction page
  2. Model description
  3. Policy issues
  4. Data, uncertainty and limitations
  5. Overview of references
Component is implemented in:
Components:
Related IMAGE components
Projects/Applications
Key publications
References
Nutrient module of IMAGE 3.0
Flowchart Nutrients. See also the Input/Output Table on the introduction page.
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