Energy conversion/Data uncertainties limitations: Difference between revisions
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* Electricity production and primary inputs: Source [[IEA]] Statistics and Data | * Electricity production and primary inputs: Source [[IEA]] Statistics and Data | ||
* Capacity; Source: [[POLES database]]; IEA | * Capacity; Source: [[POLES database]]; IEA | ||
* Data on performance of fossil fuel and bio-energy fired plants: Source mostly [[Hendriks et al., 2004 | * Data on performance of fossil fuel and bio-energy fired plants: Source mostly [[Hendriks et al., 2004]] | ||
* Prices: Source IEA | * Prices: Source IEA | ||
* Hydropower potential: Source [[WEA]] | * Hydropower potential: Source [[WEA]] | ||
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For the United States and western Europe, the behaviour of the TIMER electric power model has been tested for different levels of market penetration of renewable energy ([[Hoogwijk et al., 2007]]). Model experiments show that the model is able to reproduce the behaviour of more detailed models that describe system integration costs. More recent studies, however, seem to suggest that some of the limitations in renewable energy penetration can be overcome against reasonable costs, implying the current description is rather conservative. Integration costs for renewable energy, however, are very uncertain, given the fact that, except for in a few countries, large shares of market penetration still would need to be achieved. In experiments run by ([[Van Vliet et al., 2013]]), the power system was exposed to all kinds of limitations of technology availability. These experiments clearly showed that, in order to achieve low stabilisation targets, a large portfolio of mitigation options should be available | For the United States and western Europe, the behaviour of the TIMER electric power model has been tested for different levels of market penetration of renewable energy ([[Hoogwijk et al., 2007]]). Model experiments show that the model is able to reproduce the behaviour of more detailed models that describe system integration costs. More recent studies, however, seem to suggest that some of the limitations in renewable energy penetration can be overcome against reasonable costs, implying the current description is rather conservative. Integration costs for renewable energy, however, are very uncertain, given the fact that, except for in a few countries, large shares of market penetration still would need to be achieved. In experiments run by ([[Van Vliet et al., 2013]]), the power system was exposed to all kinds of limitations of technology availability. These experiments clearly showed that, in order to achieve low stabilisation targets, a large portfolio of mitigation options should be available | ||
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