Energy demand/Description: Difference between revisions
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|Reference=De Vries et al., 2001; Richels et al., 2004; Van Ruijven et al., 2013; Van Ruijven et al., 2011; Isaac and van Vuuren, 2009; Daioglou et al. (unpublished); | |Reference=De Vries et al., 2001; Richels et al., 2004; Van Ruijven et al., 2013; Van Ruijven et al., 2011; Isaac and van Vuuren, 2009; Daioglou et al. (unpublished); | ||
|Description= | |Description=<h2>Generic model</h2> | ||
The energy demand model has aggregated formulations for some sectors and more detailed ones for others. First, a description of the generic model is provided, which is used for the service sector, part of the industrial sector (light) and in the category ‘other sectors’. Subsequently, discuss the more specific technology-rich descriptions of residential energy use, heavy industry and transport are discussed – indicating how the description in these models relates to elements of the generic model. | The energy demand model has aggregated formulations for some sectors and more detailed ones for others. First, a description of the generic model is provided, which is used for the service sector, part of the industrial sector (light) and in the category ‘other sectors’. Subsequently, discuss the more specific technology-rich descriptions of residential energy use, heavy industry and transport are discussed – indicating how the description in these models relates to elements of the generic model. | ||
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===Autonomous Energy Efficiency Increase (AEEI)=== | ===Autonomous Energy Efficiency Increase (AEEI)=== | ||
This is a multiplier used in generic energy demand model to account for efficiency improvement that occurs as a result of technology improvement, independent of prices (in general, current appliances are more efficient than those available in the past). The autonomous energy efficiency increase for new capital is a fraction (f) of the economic growth rate based on the formulation of [[Richels et al., 2004]]. The fraction in TIMER varies between 0.45-0.30 (based on literature data) and is assumed to decline with time, as the scope for further improvement is assumed to decline. Although this efficiency improvement is assumed for new capital, the autonomous energy efficiency increase for the average capital stock is calculated as the weighted average value of the AEEI values of the total in capital stock, using a so-called vintage formulation. In the technology-detailed submodels, the autonomous energy efficiency increase is represented by improvement of individual technologies over time. | This is a multiplier used in generic energy demand model to account for efficiency improvement that occurs as a result of technology improvement, independent of prices (in general, current appliances are more efficient than those available in the past). The autonomous energy efficiency increase for new capital is a fraction (f) of the economic growth rate based on the formulation of [[Richels et al., 2004]]. The fraction in TIMER varies between 0.45-0.30 (based on literature data) and is assumed to decline with time, as the scope for further improvement is assumed to decline. Although this efficiency improvement is assumed for new capital, the autonomous energy efficiency increase for the average capital stock is calculated as the weighted average value of the AEEI values of the total in capital stock, using a so-called vintage formulation. In the technology-detailed submodels, the autonomous energy efficiency increase is represented by improvement of individual technologies over time. | ||
==Price-Induced Energy Efficiency Improvement (PIEEI)== | ===Price-Induced Energy Efficiency Improvement (PIEEI)=== | ||
This is a multiplier used to describe the effect of rising energy costs in the form of induced investments in energy efficiency by consumers. In TIMER’s generic formulation it is included using an energy conservation cost curve. In the technology-detailed bottom-up submodels, it is represented by competing technologies with different efficiencies and costs. | This is a multiplier used to describe the effect of rising energy costs in the form of induced investments in energy efficiency by consumers. In TIMER’s generic formulation it is included using an energy conservation cost curve. In the technology-detailed bottom-up submodels, it is represented by competing technologies with different efficiencies and costs. | ||
===Substitution=== | ===Substitution=== | ||