Radiative forcing

Label:	Radiative forcings
Description:	Forcing of GHGs, ozone, and aerosols
Dimensions:	time, region
Variable type:	model

Variable is output of model component:

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"model" is not in the list (model (from/to model), model (end-indicator), driver, external parameter, historical data) of allowed values for the "HasVariableType" property.

From 2.2 Documentation

This indicator summarizes the contribution since the pre-industrial age (1765) to radiative forcing by CO2, CH4, N2O, chlorinated compounds, bromocarbons, perfluorocarbons and SF6, hydrofluorocarbons, tropospheric ozone, stratospheric ozone (O3), stratospheric water vapour, direct sulphate aerosols, indirect sulphate aerosol effects, black and organic carbon aerosols, and direct biomass burning aerosols.

The radiative forcing by the various contributors is obtained as follows:

• major greenhouse gases: with simple expressions taken from Table 6.2 of IPCC (2001).
• chlorinated compounds, bromocarbons, perfluorocarbons, SF6 and hydrofluorocarbons: from Table 6.7 of IPCC (2001).
• tropospheric O3: 0.042 W/m2/DU.
• stratospheric water vapour, stratospheric ozone and direct and indirect effects of sulphate aerosols are calculated according to Appendix 2 of .
• black and organic carbon aerosols: scaled linearly with the energy and industry emissions of SOx from the TIMER Emissions Model of IMAGE 2.4 (TEM). The 1990 level is assumed to be 0.1 W/m2.
• biomass burning aerosols: scaled linearly with the SOx emissions from biomass burning generated by the land use emission model (LUEM). The 1970 level is assumed to be -0.146 W/m2.