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This form is used for the policy intervention part of a model component. The infobox from the introduction page will be displayed here, with exception of the references. The page starts with a description of the baseline plus figure, followed by a table with policy interventions. The page ends with examples of policy interventions, text plus figures. The 'policy interventions' themselves must be entered separately via the Form:PolicyInterventionForm.
Description. Baseline and Policy intervention examples:
== Baseline developments == <div class="page_standard"> Under the baseline scenario, demand for energy increases rapidly, and as a consequence, supply is projected to increase in the coming decades for all energy supply options. Energy demand is, however, mostly met by fossil fuels: coal increases in production for most regions; oil also increases and moves to unconventional sources from Canada and South America; natural gas is expected to rise faster in production because it is presumed to be more abundant and increasingly cost competitive, with unconventional sources becoming increasingly important. Main gas producers are the United States, the former Soviet Union and increasingly the Middle East. Production of modern bio-energy is constantly increasing in different parts of the world. For solar and wind, the most rapid increase so far has been in western Europe, the United States, and China. In the future, parts of South America and India are expected to produce large amounts of renewable energy. Nuclear power is expected to remain roughly at the same level, and uranium production to remain more or less stable and rather evenly distributed across world regions. Finally, hydropower capacity shows a modest increase under the baseline scenario with large remaining potential is Asia, South America, and Africa. {{DisplayPolicyInterventionFigureTemplate|{{#titleparts: {{PAGENAME}}|1}}|Baseline figure}} ==Policy interventions== The model can simulate various policies on the supply side: * Carbon tax. As discussed, a carbon tax can lead to significant changes in the demand for fuels and therefore, also supply. * Restrictions on fuel trade. As part of energy security policies, fuel trade between different regions can be blocked. * Sustainability criteria for bio-energy production may restrict production in water-scarce areas. * Production targets are mostly set to force (renewable) technologies through a learning curve. The influence of stringent climate policy on production of primary energy resources is shown in the figure below. Climate policy leads to a major shift from a system mostly based on fossil fuels to an increase in the use of nuclear power, renewable energy, bio-energy and {{abbrTemplate|CCS}} technology. The choice of these alternative options depends on assumptions made in the model, as shown in the scenarios in the study [[Roads from Rio+20 (2012) project|Roads from Rio+20]] ([[PBL, 2012]]). Three pathways based on different initial assumptions emphasizes different combinations of primary energy carriers, each time within a stringent emission constraint. {{DisplayPolicyInterventionFigureTemplate|{{#titleparts: {{PAGENAME}}|1}}|Policy intervention figure}} {{PIEffectOnComponentTemplate }} </div>
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