Energy supply: Difference between revisions
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|IMAGEComponent=Scenario drivers; Land cover and use; Crop and grass; Emissions; Climate policy; Atmospheric composition and climate; Energy demand; Energy conversion; Energy supply and demand; | |IMAGEComponent=Scenario drivers; Land cover and use; Crop and grass; Emissions; Climate policy; Atmospheric composition and climate; Energy demand; Energy conversion; Energy supply and demand; | ||
|KeyReference=De Vries et al., 2007; Van Vuuren et al., 2008; Van Vuuren et al., 2009; | |KeyReference=De Vries et al., 2007; Van Vuuren et al., 2008; Van Vuuren et al., 2009; | ||
|InputVar=Technology development of energy supply; Energy resources; Trade restriction; Demand for primary energy; Land for bioenergy; Potential bioenergy yield - grid; | |InputVar=Technology development of energy supply; Energy resources; Trade restriction; Demand for primary energy; Land for bioenergy; Potential bioenergy yield - grid; | ||
|OutputVar=Primary energy price; Carbon storage cost; Bioenergy crops production; Energy security indicators; Total primary energy supply; Marginal abatement cost; | |OutputVar=Primary energy price; Carbon storage cost; Bioenergy crops production; Energy security indicators; Total primary energy supply; Marginal abatement cost; | ||
|Parameter=Initial production costs | |Parameter=Initial production costs; | ||
|Description=The supply of different energy resources obviously forms a key component of the energy system. On the one hand, supply is constrained on an annual (for renewables) or cumulative (for fossil and nuclear) basis. In addition, resources are unevenly spread across world regions and often poorly matched with regional energy requirements. It relates directly to the notion of energy security, but also determines to a large extent the many environmental impacts of the energy system. The IMAGE energy model [[TIMER model|TIMER]] concentrates on long-term dynamics, not on short term market conditions. For all primary energy carriers, costs are based in the long run on the interplay between resource depletion (upward pressure on prices) and technology development (downward pressure on prices). In the model, technology development is introduced for most fuels and renewable options as learning curves: costs decrease endogenously as a function of cumulative capacity in place in some cases exogenous technology change assumptions are made. Depletion is a function of either cumulative production, as for fossil fuel resources and nuclear feedstocks, or of annual production as for renewables. | |Description=The supply of different energy resources obviously forms a key component of the energy system. On the one hand, supply is constrained on an annual (for renewables) or cumulative (for fossil and nuclear) basis. In addition, resources are unevenly spread across world regions and often poorly matched with regional energy requirements. It relates directly to the notion of energy security, but also determines to a large extent the many environmental impacts of the energy system. The IMAGE energy model [[TIMER model|TIMER]] concentrates on long-term dynamics, not on short term market conditions. For all primary energy carriers, costs are based in the long run on the interplay between resource depletion (upward pressure on prices) and technology development (downward pressure on prices). In the model, technology development is introduced for most fuels and renewable options as learning curves: costs decrease endogenously as a function of cumulative capacity in place in some cases exogenous technology change assumptions are made. Depletion is a function of either cumulative production, as for fossil fuel resources and nuclear feedstocks, or of annual production as for renewables. | ||
Revision as of 16:30, 30 January 2014
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Key policy issues
- How can energy resources be exploited to meet future primary energy demand?
- How can energy supply and demand be balanced between world regions, and how will this effect security of supply?
- How rapidly can the transition to more sustainable energy supply be made?