Livestock systems/Description: Difference between revisions
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For dairy cattle, the energy requirements are calculated for maintenance (based on body weight), feeding (based on the proportion of grass in feed rations), lactation (based on milk production per cow) and pregnancy (based on the number of calves per year). The amount of feed dry matter is calculated on the basis of the proportion of digestible energy in the total energy intake, and the energy content of biomass. | For dairy cattle, the energy requirements are calculated for maintenance (based on body weight), feeding (based on the proportion of grass in feed rations), lactation (based on milk production per cow) and pregnancy (based on the number of calves per year). The amount of feed dry matter is calculated on the basis of the proportion of digestible energy in the total energy intake, and the energy content of biomass. | ||
Energy requirements for cattle are based on animal activity and production, and for pigs, poultry, sheep and goats on Feed Conversion Ratios (FCR). This is the amount of feed (kg dry matter) required to produce one kilogram of milk or meat. The FCR values are based on historical data and values for future years will depend on the scenario selected. | Energy requirements for cattle are based on animal activity and production, and for pigs, poultry, sheep and goats on Feed Conversion Ratios (FCR). This is the amount of feed (kg dry matter) required to produce one kilogram of milk or meat. The {{AbbrTemplate|FCR}} values are based on historical data and values for future years will depend on the scenario selected. | ||
==Cropland and grassland required== | ==Cropland and grassland required== | ||
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In pastoral ruminant production systems, the feed is almost entirely grass except in developing regions where foraging constitutes a larger but variable proportion of the total feed. Pigs and poultry are fed feed crops and by-products, crop residues and fodder. Since these animals are mainly farmed in mixed systems, the contribution of feed crops and residues to the total feed in these systems is much higher than in pastoral systems. | In pastoral ruminant production systems, the feed is almost entirely grass except in developing regions where foraging constitutes a larger but variable proportion of the total feed. Pigs and poultry are fed feed crops and by-products, crop residues and fodder. Since these animals are mainly farmed in mixed systems, the contribution of feed crops and residues to the total feed in these systems is much higher than in pastoral systems. | ||
The required feed crop production per animal is calculated from feed rations, and this information is incorporated into the agro-economic model ([[Agricultural economy and forestry | The required feed crop production per animal is calculated from feed rations, and this information is incorporated into the agro-economic model ([[Agricultural economy and forestry]]). The proportion of grass in feed rations determines total grass consumption, which is used to compute the grassland area per world region, based on grazing intensity ([[Agricultural economy and forestry]] and [[Agricultural systems]]). | ||
]]). The proportion of grass in feed rations determines total grass consumption, which is used to compute the grassland area per world region, based on grazing intensity ([[Agricultural economy and forestry]] and [[Agricultural systems]]). | |||
==Scenario definition== | ==Scenario definition== | ||
A scenario includes assumptions on milk production per animal for dairy cattle, carcass weight and off-take rate for beef cattle, pigs, poultry, sheep and goats, and feed conversion rates (FCR) for pigs, poultry, sheep and goats. The changes in these parameters are generally based on the scenario, and on the economic growth scenario. | A scenario includes assumptions on milk production per animal for dairy cattle, carcass weight and off-take rate for beef cattle, pigs, poultry, sheep and goats, and feed conversion rates (FCR) for pigs, poultry, sheep and goats. The changes in these parameters are generally based on the scenario, and on the economic growth scenario. | ||
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Revision as of 17:11, 5 May 2014
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