Livestock systems/Policy issues: Difference between revisions

From IMAGE
Jump to navigation Jump to search
m (Text replace - "|Status=On hold" to "")
No edit summary
Line 1: Line 1:
{{ComponentPolicyIssueTemplate
{{ComponentPolicyIssueTemplate
|Description=Global grass consumption has increased by more than 40% between 1970 and 2010 (see figure below), and global grassland area has slowly increased from 3134 to 3313 million hectares (about 5%) between 1970 and 2010 (see the figure in the policy intervention example section). The global area of extensively used pastoral grassland and mixed systems shows slight and gradual changes. Production characteristics of extensive pastoral production systems have not changed much, whereas those of mixed and industrial systems have been changing rapidly, with trends towards intensification. For the future, most baseline scenarios indicate that, in the coming decades, a similar increase in grass production is required as observed historically. Under the baseline scenario from the [[Roads from Rio+20 (2012) |Rio+20]] study, these developments result in a slow increase of 2% in global grassland area (see figure below). This slower increase than observed historically is mostly caused by a slower growth in consumption.
Several different economic developments and policy interventions mat change the baseline trend. For example, an increasing demand for ruminant meat may increase the required amount of grassland.  Climate change may change grassland productivity, which will also have its effect on the grassland area that is required.
In addition, several characteristics of production systems may change grassland development.


|Description=Global grass consumption has increased by more than 40% between 1970 and 2010 (see figure below), and global grassland area has slowly increased from 3134 to 3313 million hectares (about 5%) between 1970 and 2010 (see the figure in the policy intervention example section). The global area of extensively used pastoral grassland and mixed systems shows slight and gradual changes. Production characteristics of extensive pastoral production systems have not changed much, whereas those of mixed and industrial systems have been changing rapidly, with trends towards intensification. For the future, most baseline scenarios indicate that, in the coming decades, a similar increase in grass production is required as observed historically. Under the baseline scenario from the [[Roads from Rio+20 (2012) |Rio+20]] study, these developments result in a slow increase of 2% in global grassland area (see figure below). This slower increase than observed historically is mostly caused by a slower growth in consumption.
|Example=In the so-called Global Technology (GT) scenario of the Rio+20 study, all such interventions have been combined, resulting in more production in mixed systems (+10%), larger carcass weights (+10%), higher off-take rates (+10%), more efficient feed conversion of sheep and goats (+10%), more feed crops (15%) and higher grazing intensities (15%). When included in the baseline scenario, this package leads to a considerable reduction in grassland area – by about 15% compared to the baseline scenario for 2050 (see the figure in the baseline scenario section). This then also leads to an increase in the area where biodiversity may develop.
|Example=Several different economic developments and policy interventions mat change the baseline trend. For example, an increasing demand for ruminant meat may increase the required amount of grassland.  Climate change may change grassland productivity, which will also have its effect on the grassland area that is required.
In addition, several characteristics of production systems may change grassland development. These include changes in:
* distribution of the production over pastoral and mixed systems; a larger share of the production in mixed systems inherently changes the overall feed conversion ratios of ruminants;
* production characteristics, such as milk production per animal, carcass weight and off-take rates, which will also have an impact on the feed conversion ratio; in general, this will  be lower in more productive animals;
* feed conversion ratio of small ruminants, such as sheep and goats, which will cause a lower demand for grass;
* the share of grass in the feed rations of cattle and sheep and goats, which will become smaller as some of the grass will be substituted by feed crops.
* grazing, which will become more intensive. This would require better management of grasslands, including for example the use of grass-clover mixtures and fertilisers, bringing the length of the grazing season in tune with the period of grass production, and rotations.
In the so-called Global Technology (GT) scenario of the Rio+20 study, all such interventions have been combined, resulting in more production in mixed systems (+10%), larger carcass weights (+10%), higher off-take rates (+10%), more efficient feed conversion of sheep and goats (+10%), more feed crops (15%) and higher grazing intensities (15%). When included in the baseline scenario, this package leads to a considerable reduction in grassland area – by about 15% compared to the baseline scenario for 2050 (see the figure in the baseline scenario section). This then also leads to an increase in the area where biodiversity may develop.
}}
}}

Revision as of 11:28, 8 January 2014

link to framework components overview

Parts of Livestock systems/Policy issues

  1. Introduction page
  2. Model description
  3. Policy issues
  4. Data, uncertainty and limitations
  5. Overview of references
Component is implemented in:
Components:
Related IMAGE components
Projects/Applications
Models/Databases
Key publications
Livestock systems module in IMAGE 3.0
Flowchart Livestock systems. See also the Input/Output Table on the introduction page.
Retrieved from "https://models.pbl.nl/index.php?title=Livestock_systems/Policy_issues&oldid=12697"