Livestock systems/Policy issues: Difference between revisions

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{{ComponentPolicyIssueTemplate
{{ComponentPolicyIssueTemplate
|Description=Between 1970 and 2010, global grass consumption increased by more than 40% (see figure below), while global grassland area only increased about 5% from 3134 to 3313 million hectares in the same period (Figure 4.2.4.3). The global area of pastoral grassland only shows slight and gradual changes.  
|Description=Between 1970 and 2010, global grass consumption increased by more than 40% (see figure below), while global grassland area only increased about 5% from 3134 to 3313 million hectares in the same period (see the figure in the policy intervention example section). The global area of pastoral grassland only shows slight and gradual changes.  
While extensive pastoral production systems have changed little, mixed and industrial systems have moved rapidly towards intensification. Most baseline scenarios indicate that a similar slow increase in grassland area is required over the coming decades as observed historically. Under the baseline scenario from the Rio+20 study, these developments result in a small increase of 2% in global grassland area (Figure 4.2.4.3), but this will require considerable productivity increases in many parts of the world as discussed in Bouwman et al. (2005).  
While extensive pastoral production systems have changed little, mixed and industrial systems have moved rapidly towards intensification. Most baseline scenarios indicate that a similar slow increase in grassland area is required over the coming decades as observed historically. Under the baseline scenario from the [[Roads from Rio+20 (2012) project |Rio+20]] study, these developments result in a small increase of 2% in global grassland area (Figure 4.2.4.3), but this will require considerable productivity increases in many parts of the world as discussed in [[Bouwman et al. (2005]].  
Baseline developments: Global grass consumption increased by more than 40% between 1970 and 2010 (see figure below), while global grassland area only increased about 5% from 3134 to 3313 million hectares in the same period (see the figure in the policy intervention example section). The global area of extensively used pastoral grassland only shows slight and gradual changes. 
|Example=A larger proportion of livestock production in mixed systems will inherently increase overall feed conversion ratios of ruminants;
While extensive pastoral production systems have changed little, mixed and industrial systems have moved rapidly towards intensification. Most baseline scenarios indicate a similar increase in grass production is required over the coming decades to that observed historically. Under the baseline scenario from the [[Roads from Rio+20 (2012) project |Rio+20]] study, these developments result in a small increase of 2% in global grassland area (see figure below). This smaller increase than observed historically is attributed to slower growth in consumption.
*production parameters, such as milk production per animal, carcass weight and off-take rates, will have an effect on the feed conversion ratio, which in general will be lower in more productive animals;
|Example=All such interventions have been combined in the Global Technology (GT) scenario of the Rio+20 study, resulting in more production in mixed systems (+10%), higher carcass weights (+10%), higher off-take rates (+10%), more efficient feed conversion by sheep and goats (+10%), more feed crops (15%) and higher grazing intensities (15%). This package leads to a considerable reduction in grassland area of about 15% compared to the baseline scenario for 2050 (see the figure in the baseline scenario section), leaving more area for biodiversity recovery.
*feed conversion ratio of small ruminants, such as sheep and goats, will reduce demand for grass;
*the proportion of grass in the feed for cattle, and sheep and goats will decrease with the use of feed crops;
*more intensive grazing will require improved grassland management, including use of grass-clover mixes and fertilisers, and aligning the grazing season with grass production and rotations.
 
All such interventions have been combined in the Global Technology (GT) scenario of the Rio+20 study, resulting in more production in mixed systems (+10%), higher carcass weights (+10%), higher off-take rates (+10%), more efficient feed conversion by sheep and goats (+10%), more feed crops (15%) and higher grazing intensities (15%). This package leads to a considerable reduction in grassland area of about 15% compared to the baseline scenario for 2050 (see figure below), leaving more area for biodiversity recovery.
 
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Revision as of 17:28, 5 May 2014

link to framework components overview

Parts of Livestock systems/Policy issues

  1. Introduction page
  2. Model description
  3. Policy issues
  4. Data, uncertainty and limitations
  5. Overview of references
Component is implemented in:
Components:
Related IMAGE components
Projects/Applications
Models/Databases
Key publications
Livestock systems module in IMAGE 3.0
Flowchart Livestock systems. See also the Input/Output Table on the introduction page.
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