Nutrients/Policy issues: Difference between revisions

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{{ComponentPolicyIssueTemplate
{{ComponentPolicyIssueTemplate
|Description=Under the baseline scenario of the [[Roads from Rio+20 (2012) project|Rio+20 study]], N surpluses increase by 35% globally. This is the result of decreasing trends in North America, western Europe and Japan, and stabilisation in India. In all other regions, N surpluses increase, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia (see figure below). The situation is similar for phosphorus, with large increases in developing countries.
|Description=Under baseline scenarios of IMAGE, N surpluses generally increase. For example, in the Rio+20 baseline scenario, the N surplus increases by 35% globally in the period 2002-2050 (Figure below). This is the result of decreasing trends in North America, Western Europe and Japan as a result of increasing nutrient use efficiency, and stabilisation in India. In all other regions, N surpluses increase, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa and Southeastern Asia as a result of increasing fertilizer use to halt soil nutrient depletion (Figure below). The situation is similar for P, with large increases in developing countries.
 
Economic developments and policy interventions may modify individual terms in the soil nutrient budget (see the [[Nutrient_balances|Introduction]], formula 1.), and the fate of nutrients in the environment. For example, agricultural demand ([[Agricultural economy]]) affects:
# production of leguminous crops (pulses and soybeans) and biological N fixation as a consequence;
# meat and milk production and thus animal manure production;
# crop production and thus fertiliser use.
 
The IMAGE soil nutrient model includes options to reduce nutrient surpluses in agriculture or nutrients in wastewater, and strategies to improve resource use efficiency. Wastewater strategies that can be assessed with tools available in the nutrient model of IMAGE include:
# Increasing access to improved sanitation and connection to sewerage systems;
# Setting up wastewater treatment installations;
# Substituting synthetic fertilisers with fertilisers  produced from human excreta. This option has no consequences for nutrient budgets, but reduces wastewater flows.
|Example=Extensification, increased feed efficiency and reduced ammonia emissions from stables (cases EX, FE and ST) have minor effects on the global soil N budget. However, better integration of animal manure in crop production systems (IM), primarily in industrialised countries, and a change in the human diet with poultry replacing ruminant meat (DI) would have major effects on the global soil N budget.  
|Example=Extensification, increased feed efficiency and reduced ammonia emissions from stables (cases EX, FE and ST) have minor effects on the global soil N budget. However, better integration of animal manure in crop production systems (IM), primarily in industrialised countries, and a change in the human diet with poultry replacing ruminant meat (DI) would have major effects on the global soil N budget.  


Revision as of 18:15, 20 May 2014

link to framework components overview

Parts of Nutrients/Policy issues

  1. Introduction page
  2. Model description
  3. Policy issues
  4. Data, uncertainty and limitations
  5. Overview of references
Component is implemented in:
Components:
Related IMAGE components
Projects/Applications
Key publications
Nutrient module of IMAGE 3.0
Flowchart Nutrients. See also the Input/Output Table on the introduction page.
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