Climate mitigation (Climate)

Interpretation of theme:
Is item of theme:	Climate

Related overviews

• Key policy issues overview displays the components and their Key policy issues organised by policy theme.
• Policy interventions overview displays policy interventions organised by policy theme.

Climate mitigation (Climate) associations

Policy themes are used to classify Key policy issues and policy interventions. The tables below contain the issues and interventions associated with theme item Climate mitigation (Climate).

Associated Key policy issues and their components

Component	Description
Air pollution and energy policies	How do energy policies contribute to economic and social development, and how do they support or hamper a more sustainable future?
Atmospheric composition and climate	To what extent would the various scenarios to significantly reduce net greenhouse gas emissions lead to a reduction in climate change?
Climate policy	What are the trade-offs between mitigation costs, adaptation costs, and climate change damage?
Climate policy	What is the effect of the NDCs on achieving the long term 2 ºC target?
Emissions	How will emissions of greenhouse gases and air pollutants develop in scenarios with and without policy interventions, such as climate policy and air pollution control?
Emissions	What synergies between climate policy and air pollution control can be identified?
Energy conversion	What are the potential roles of individual technologies, such as carbon capture and storage (CCS), nuclear power, hydrogen and renewable energy?
Energy supply and demand	What transitions in the energy system would meet long-term climate goals?

Associated policy interventions, their components and the affected components

Policy intervention	Description	Implemented in	Affects component
Apply emission and energy intensity standards	Apply emission intensity standards for e.g. cars (gCO2/km), power plants (gCO2/kWh) or appliances (kWh/hour).	Energy conversion, Energy demand	Emissions
Energy tax or subsidiy	Changing the prices through energy tax or subsidy for the various energy carriers influences the choice of technology and thus the level of emissions.	Energy supply
Implementation of biofuel targets	Policies to enhance the use of biofuels, especially in the transport sector. In the Agricultural economy component only 'first generation' crops are taken into account. The policy is implemented as a budget-neutral policy from government perspective, e.g. a subsidy is implemented to achieve a certain share of biofuels in fuel production and an end-user tax is applied to counterfinance the implemented subsidy.	Agricultural economy	Agricultural economy Emissions Energy supply Land-use allocation Terrestrial biodiversity
REDD policies	The objective of REDD policies it to reduce land-use related emissions by protecting existing forests in the world; The implementation of REDD includes also costs of policies.	Agricultural economy	Agricultural economy Carbon cycle and natural vegetation Emissions